Comments about Diagrams A-B-C-D` 
 
A  -  Simplicity:  You use Design Thinking whenever you
        Define a Problem (Learn, Define Objectives + Goals),
        and Solve this Problem (Generate-and-Evaluate Ideas):
 
Design Process - Cycles of Design

 

B  -  3 Elements (Predictions, Observations, Goals) used in 3 Comparisons:
 
Design Process - 3 Comparisons

 

C  -  Design Cycles  and  Science Cycle:
 
Design Process - Design Cycles & Science Cycle

 

D  -  Plan (mentally ideate) and Monitor (physically test):
 
Detailed Two-Step Cycle of Design